Differential responses of bumblebees and diurnal Lepidoptera to vegetation succession in long-term set-aside

摘要: Summary 1. Establishing temporal habitat patches, such as long-term set-aside, is potentially a valuable approach to support pollinator populations in intensively cultivated landscapes. The benefits of this are expected differ between groups, because fundamental differences their ecology. 2. We studied the responses two bumblebees and diurnal Lepidoptera (butterflies moths), vegetation succession experimental set-aside during six consecutive years. pollinators were monitored 24 large treatment plots (50 · 50 m), sown with three different seed mixtures (competitive alternatives) unmanaged or managed by mowing, on 10 surrounding field margins. 3. groups distinctly different. Bumblebees showed very strong positive response diverse mixture abundant floral resources, abundance peaked first year. species richness increased gradually, suggesting differential colonization speeds gradual establishment populations. Lepidopteran reached level margins 3 years, whereas corresponding was not reached. alternative less pronounced than bumblebees. No effects mowing either group detected. 4. Within both associated traits. In bumblebees, long-tongued (indicating specialization) succession. butterflies moths, success strongly correlated wing span mobility). most successful colonizers grass feeders moths feeding leguminous plants at larval stage. 5. Synthesis applications. ecological requirements should be taken into account when establishing set-aside. Supporting possible even shortterm assuming nectar pollen sources made available. occurrence driven additional factors, availability host well adult mobility, which calls for management regimes place several