ASSESSMENT OF NEW YORK’S POLLUTION DISCHARGE ELIMINATION PERMITS FOR CAFO’S: A REGIONAL ANALYSIS

摘要: In this paper, we apply mathematical programming methods to account explicitly for restrictions on land application of nutrients from large dairy operations in New York and analyze the effects measured outcomes farm management adjustments nutrient policy recent changes relevant agricultural prices. Based a set unique data, assess new regulations by confined animal feeding (CAFOs) income, use, manure fertilizer management, environmental quality an important production region York. Our also allow us make distinctions between value as disposal site so that can differential standards economic land. The results indicate rations response current high prices traditional feed ingredients lead increased nitrogen phosphorus content waste. addition, crop applications far exceed critical uptake levels optimum yield increase risks loading environment. related demonstrate while CAFO correct problem, reductions loadings could be accompanied losses income. Western further buttresses point. We net revenue is sensitive availability nearby suitable disposal. Since require about half produced farms transported off-site disposal, crops with higher potential absorb field are more attractive than would otherwise case. shadow low soil increase, reflecting not only but its These reflect what CAFOs pay additional land, price falls distance increases.