All about CDR transporters: Past, present, and future

摘要: Drug resistance mechanisms in human pathogenic Candida species are continually evolving. Over the time, have acquired diverse strategies to vanquish effects of various classes drugs thereby, emanating as a serious life threat. Apart from repertoire well-established strategies, which predominantly comprise alteration, overexpression drug targets, and chromosome duplication, evolved number permeability constraints for antifungal drugs, via compromised import or increased efflux. For latter, genome harbour battery exporters designated genes. These genes encode membrane efflux transporters, expel incoming thus prevent toxic intracellular accumulation manifest multidrug resistance. Such phenomenon is restricted not only but has been observed among many other fungal well. Notably, existence large genomes posits pivotal roles these transporter proteins. The brief review discusses how whole gamut research since changed include new observations wherein reduced azoles across cell cells being implicated one major determinants susceptibilities, all began with identification first gene CDR1, Andre Goffeau's laboratory back 1995.