Recycling of phosphorus in urban Sweden: a historical overview to guide a strategy for the future.

摘要: Sustainable sanitation and food security have been issues in all human history although named differently. This study describes the evolution of arrangements Swedish town Linkoping for period 1870–2000. The flow phosphorus from consumption is estimated its output divided into gainful reuse agriculture energy production (harmful) losses to hydrosphere landfills. rate varies dramatically, very high, up until 1920s, followed by a drop almost zero around 1950. Reuse was picking since introduction removal unit at wastewater treatment plants application sludge 1970s, but sharp decline end 20th century. results are applied scenarios Sweden as whole extended some anticipated implications world years come.