Fuzzy cognitive mapping of Baltic Archipelago Sea food webs reveals no cliqued views of the system structure between stakeholder groups

摘要: Incorporating stakeholder views is a key element in successful environmental management, particularly if the managed system delivers cultural and provisioning ecosystem services directly to stakeholders, or there are conflicting about functioning its optimal management. One such Archipelago Sea Southwestern coast of Finland. It an area with high biodiversity, offering range services, from regulating services. Furthermore, it subjected variety human activities ranging eutrophication marine transport fishing. The management also topic debate, including discussions minimum landing size fish, seal hunting quotas, role cormorants ecosystem. Fuzzy cognitive mapping  offers method evaluate quantitatively compare different actors’ on structure. models can be compared simulated illustrate how they respond various pressure scenarios. This may reveal differences perceptions what important interactions ecosystem, would measures, potentially explaining differing opinions best strategy. In this work, 30 policy makers, scientists, eNGOs, fisheries, recreational users created fuzzy maps (FCMs) food web. We found that despite debate area, stakeholders’ web structure were not clustered based group, i.e. groups did have distinct ideas FCM complexity show pattern group either. While general FCMs indicated shared view across most respondents, was one map stood out. exact setup varied. Across all maps, cod, perch, fishing, zooplankton, herring variables having links other variables.  responses fishing seen as factor affecting components, while increases salinity oxygen levels positive impact multiple components. value approach enable two-way discussion webs pressures