Persistence and Effective Half-Life of Chemical Warfare Agent VX on Grass Foliage

摘要: Abstract : The primary focus of this investigation was to experimentally determine the Effective Half-Life VX on grass foliage (Echinochloa crus-galli) using living healthy plants obtain results applicable VX-contaminated battlefields. determined as net effect factors affecting persistence stabilized Chemical Agent Standard Analytical Reference Material (CASARM)-grade grass, including fixation, transformation, and evaporation. Fate established partitioned percentages disseminated-VX. Rapid reactions with within first minute caused 9 disseminated-VX quickly become unextractable; however, 88 remained in form extractable-VX 1 min post-dissemination. that foliage, from post-dissemination onward, 72 h (95 confidence interval, 4698 h). is a key strategic value because it accounts for persistent VX-hazard bulk disseminated-VX, corresponding slow decline over time. Experimental data reported herein were under controlled measured environmental conditions, input into predictive models, comparison model outcomes, provide critical information decision-making Soldiers