Economic costs of diabetes in the US in 2002.

摘要: Objective Diabetes is the fifth leading cause of death by disease in U.S. also contributes to higher rates morbidity-people with diabetes are at risk for heart disease, blindness, kidney failure, extremity amputations, and other chronic conditions. The objectives this study were 1). estimate direct medical indirect productivity-related costs attributable 2). calculate compare total per capita expenditures people without diabetes. Research design methods Medical estimated population 2002 sex, age, race/ethnicity, type condition, health care setting. Health use using etiological fractions, calculated based on national survey data. value lost productivity was estimates workdays, restricted activity days, prevalence permanent disability, mortality RESULTS-Direct 132 billion US dollars. Direct alone totaled 91.8 dollars comprised 23.2 care, 24.6 complications diabetes, 44.1 excess general Inpatient days (43.9%), nursing home (15.1%), office visits (10.9%) constituted major expenditure groups service settings. In addition, 51.8% incurred >65 years old. Attributable resulting from mortality, disability due 39.8 components included 865 dollars, which 160 Per 13243 2560 When adjusting differences race/ethnicity between had that approximately 2.4 times than would be same group absence Conclusions cost likely underestimates true burden because it omits intangibles, such as pain suffering, provided nonpaid caregivers, several areas spending where probably services (e.g., dental optometry licensed dietitians). excludes undiagnosed cases more double what imposes a substantial society and, particular, those individuals their families. Eliminating or reducing problems caused through factors better access preventive widespread diagnosis, intensive management, advent new technologies could significantly improve quality life families while time potentially increasing economy.