摘要: This essay investigates a number of the predictions theoretical view scientific collaboration as response to professionalization science: (1) that is most typically practiced by elite, or those who aspire it, (2) it increases individual research productivity, and (3) enhances visibility larger community. With respect first professionalized community, Napolconic France, study focusses on practices careers members Society Arceuil, Philomatic Society, First Class Institut, they illustrate confirm accuracy predictions.
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