Development in Cell Manipulation Techniques for the Study of Single Cardiomyocyte Mechanics

摘要: The externally homogeneous mechanical activity of the heart results from integration heterogeneous cardiomyocytes. Therefore, in order to understand integrated function heart, it is important study regional single cell mechanics. Cardiac left ventricular pressure-volume relationship has been commonly used evaluate cardiac performance. In physiological contractions, relation curve for one beat forms a rectangular work-loop that divided into four phases: isovolumic contraction, ejection, relaxation, and filling phase. For cardiomyocytes constitute these phases correspond isometric quasi-isotonic relaxation their force-length relationship, respectively. To reproduce style contractions preparations, various techniques have developed using amphibian or mammalian most procedure holding ends apply load. Frog are thin compliant; therefore, they suitable stretch cells measure twitch force. On other hand, applying challenging because short thick shape stiffness makes difficult. Recently, carbon fiber technique introduced attach by electric statics. Since then, this modified many researchers improve end attachment. afterload should be controlled force length feedback control each separately. purpose, real-time ideal; however, relatively low signal-to-noise ratio force/length signal Instead, adaptive feed-forward approach enables it. Recently new optical transducer laser interferometry allowed measurement with enough noise control.