Ambient water and visible-light irradiation drive changes in graphene morphology, structure, surface chemistry, aggregation, and toxicity.

摘要: The environmental behaviors and risks associated with graphene have attracted considerable attention. However, the fundamental effects of ambient water visible-light irradiation on properties toxicity remain unknown. This work revealed that hydration result in transformation large-sheet to long-ribbon graphene. thickness treated decreased, oxides were formed through generation singlet oxygen. In addition, resulted greater disorder structure expansion d-spacing due introduction molecules modifications functional groups. Oxidative two-stage (fast low) kinetics enhanced number negative surface charges aggregation. above property alterations reduced nanotoxicity algal cells by reducing reactive oxygen species, diminishing protein carbonylation decreasing tail DNA. A comparative study using oxide suggested oxidative could play an important role inhibiting toxicological activity. provides a preliminary approach for understanding avoids overestimating natural environment.