Seasonal Changes in Reproductive Tolerance, Spacing, and Social Organization in Meadow Voles: A Microtine Model

摘要: Current theory and supporting data regarding population regulation cycling in microtine rodents needs to be reviewed light of a new, season-sensitive model social behavior for meadow voles, Microtus pennsylvanicus . The finding clear imperative among voles during most the fall, winter spring conflicts with prediction high levels intolerance higher density populations commonly existing late year. general rarity adult dispersal, except periods declining densityin early spring, contact-seeking nature this dispersal,are generally contradictory predictions based on “intrinsic’ theories. Finally,published vole reproduction, recruitment hence demography, are probably biased as result effects produced by spread rodent pheromones investigators, prolonged entrapment individual inappropriate behavioral measures field.