Hazards of sunlight exposure to the eye

摘要: Abstract The human eye is constantly exposed to sunlight, including ultraviolet radiation, both UV-B (295–320 nm) and UV-A (320–400 nm), visible light (400–700 nm). Damage the young adult lens by sun's radiation avoided because protected a very efficient antioxidant system. Protective pigments such as kynurenines, located in lens, melanin, uvea retina, absorb ambient dissipate its energy without causing damage. After middle age there decrease production of antioxidants enzymes. At this same time, protective are chemically modified (lenticular 3-hydroxy kynurenine pigment enzymatically converted into phototoxic chromophore xanthurenic acid; melanin altered from an pro-oxidant) or, case with retinal A2E, accumulate concentrations high enough produce reactive oxygen species. We have known for some time that exposure intense sunlight either causes or exacerbates age-related ocular diseases. now know many reasons these effects, knowledge methods being developed interfere damaging processes. In future, earlier diagnosis, conjunction protection against (sunglasses) prescribed specific supplementary (lutein, vitamin E) may retard prevent blindness elderly.