Vegetation sensitivity to local environmental factors and global climate changes during the Middle Pleistocene in southern Italy—A case study from the Molise Apennines

摘要: Abstract The Boiano sequence, in the Southern Apennines, delivers new pollen data concerning local and regional vegetation response to climate changes during Middle Pleistocene. Several palaeoecological singularities have been highlighted basin record. sequence is constrained by 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating from MIS 13 9, with a short gap at 10. evidence of an interglacial period, marked singular associations humid–temperate vegetation, constitutes first 11 record Italy. Indeed, this contributes fill Quaternary environmental dynamics Italian Peninsula. relative persistence Picea , potentially located on surrounding high relief, recorded along together progressive development Fagus . Concomitantly, maintenance edaphic humidity benefited exigent taxa, such as Carya which persists up 9. characters physiography certainly favored floristic biodiversity, giving rise occurrence ecological refuge.