D-galactosamine lethality model: scope and limitations.

摘要: D-Galactosamine (D-galN) is well established as sensitizing mice and other animals to the lethal effects of TNF, specifically, by several orders magnitude. Protection anti-TNF neutralizing antibody complete, (metabolically-based) protection uridine. Sensitization occurs regardless origin released whether it from macrophages and/or T-cells. The same true for challenging agent which leads release endotoxin, a superantigen, lipoprotein, bacterial DNA, or bacteria, either killed proliferating. Most studies have utilized endotoxin agent, more than 70 agents been reported confer against LPS TNF challenge in model. model has provided new insight regarding modes protection, including dexamethasone, protects but not TNF. D-galN lethality also used test synergistic behavior between different components, when only small amounts are available (lipid A chemistry).