Surfactants from renewable resources

摘要: Series Preface. Acknowledgements. List of Contributors. PART 1 RENEWABLE HYDROPHOBES. Surfactants Based on Natural Fatty Acids (Martin Svensson). 1.1 Introduction and History. 1.2 Fats Oils as Raw Materials. 1.3 Acid Soaps. 1.4 Polyethylene Glycol Esters. 1.5 Polyglycerol 1.6 Conclusions. References. 2 Nitrogen Derivatives (Ralph Franklin). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Manufacture Derivatives. 2.3 Production Data. 2.4 Ecological Aspects. 2.5 Biodegradation. 2.6 Properties Nitrogen-Based Surfactants. 2.7 Applications. 2.8 3 Surface-Active Compounds Forest-Industry By-Products (Bjarne Holmbom, Anna Sundberg Anders Strand). 3.1 3.2 Resin Acids. 3.3 Sterols Sterol Ethoxylates. 3.4 Hemicelluloses. REWNEWABLE HYDROPHILES. 4 Carbohydrates Proteins for Consumer Products Technical Applications (Karlheinz Hill). 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Conclusion. 5 Amino Acids, Lactic Ascorbic Materials Biocompatible (Carmen Moran, Lourdes Perez, Ramon Pons, Aurora Pinazo Maria Rosa Infante). 5.1 5.2 5.3 Lysine-Based 5.4 Acid-Based 5.5 NEW WAYS OF MAKING BUILDING BLOCKS. 6 Ethylene from Renewable Resources (Anna Lundgren Thomas Hjertberg). 6.1 6.2 Why Produce Resources? 6.3 Feedstock. 6.4 Commercialization Bioethylene. 6.5 Environmental Impact 6.6 Certificate Green Carbon Content. 6.7 Concluding Remarks. 7 Fermentation-Based Building Blocks Resource-Based (Kris Arvid Berglund, Ulrika Rova, David B Hodge). 7.1 7.2 Existing Potential Classes Biologically-Derived Metabolites. 7.3 with Large Markets. 7.4 New Blocks. BIOSURFACTANTS. 8 Synthesis Using Enzymes (Patrick Adlercreutz Rajni Hatti-Kaul). 8.1 8.2 Catalysts 8.3 Enzymatic Polar Lipids Useful 8.4 Carbohydrate 8.5 Amide 8.6 8.7 Alkyl Glycosides. 8.8 Future Prospects. 9 Waste Biomass (Flor Yunuen Garcia-Becerra, Grant Allen, Edgar Joel Acosta). 9.1 9.2 Obtained Biological Transformation Biomass. 9.3 Chemical 9.4 Summary Outlook. 9.5 10 Lecithin Other Phospholipids (Willem van Nieuwenhuyzen). 10.1 10.2 Sources Production. 10.3 Composition. 10.4 Quality Analysis Lecithins. 10.5 Modification. 10.6 Emulsifying Properties. 10.7 10.8 Legislation Reach. 10.9 11 Sophorolipids Rhamnolipids (Dirk W. G. Develter Steve J. Fleurackers). 11.1 Sophorolipids. 11.2 Native 11.3 Biosynthesis Novel 11.4 Rhamnolipids. 11.5 Cleaning 12 Saponin-Based (Wieslaw Oleszek Arafa Hamed). 12.1 12.2 Molecular 12.3 Saponins. 12.4 Saponins Emulsifiers 12.5 Application Emulsifiers. POLYMERIC SURFACTANTS/SURFACE-ACTIVE POLYMERS 13 Polymers Cellulose (Leif Karlson). 13.1 13.2 Structure Ether. 13.3 Ethers in Aqueous Solution. 13.4 Interaction 13.5 Clouding. 14 Developments the Commercial Utilization Lignosulfonates (Rolf Andreas Lauten, Bernt O. Myrvold Stig Are Gundersen). 14.1 14.2 Lignosulfonates. 14.3 Lignosulfonate 14.4 Issues. 14.5 Stabilizers Emulsions Suspoemulsions. 14.6 Superplasticizers Concrete. 14.7 Summary. 15 Dispersion Inulin (Tharwat Tadros Bart Levecke). 15.1 15.2 Solution Long-Chain Hydrophobically Modified (HMI). 15.3 Interfacial Aspects HMI at Various Interfaces. 15.4 Stabilized HMI. 15.5 Emulsion Polymerization 15.6 Use Preparation Stabilization Nanoemulsions. References Index.