Planning for Quality: Perils and Possibilities.

摘要: ABSTRACT This paper reports selected findings from a study of formal, institution-wide planning in the United States undertaken by National Center for Postsecondary Governance and Finance, located at University Maryland. The included review higher education literature, survey administrators 256 institutions, irtensive interviewing 16 those institutions. found that following factors, among others, limit successful formal planning: lack trust fundamental disagreements over character an institution; ideological conflicts concepts; expectations will eliminate decision-making politics; inconsistencies between structures regular institutional processes; incorrect assumptions about sources initiatives change; advocates specific changes; types information needed to plan; failur2 find process effectively balances requirements flexibility with control; pressures address immediate concerns; costs comprehensive failure view as learning. Characteristics approaches common institutions were successfully determining their directions, despite these many impediments, are outlined. (Six references.) (JDD)