Unexpected genomic features in widespread intracellular bacteria: evidence for motility of marine chlamydiae

摘要: Chlamydiae are obligate intracellular bacteria comprising important human pathogens and symbionts of protists. Molecular evidence indicates a tremendous diversity chlamydiae particularly in marine environments, yet our current knowledge is based mainly on terrestrial representatives. Here we provide first insights into the biology representing three divergent clades. Our analysis single-cell amplified genomes revealed hallmarks chlamydial lifestyle, supporting ancient origin their characteristic developmental cycle major virulence mechanisms. Surprisingly, these encode complete flagellar apparatus, previously unreported feature. We show that flagella an trait was subject to differential gene loss among extant chlamydiae. Together with chemotaxis system, likely motile, potentially playing role during host cell infection. This study broadens view largely underestimated potential adapt different hosts environments.