Systems Toxicology and Virtual Tissue Models

摘要: Cells in developing tissues must integrate and respond to highly dynamic information the form of metabolic intermediates, genetic signals, molecular gradients. Understanding cellular decision-making process, how these decisions may be perturbed by errors or environmental disruptions invoke abnormal development, requires a fundamental understanding are organized controlled at systems level. Computational (in silico) models have applications for mechanistic predictive modeling developmental toxicity. Such incorporate extensive knowledge system structure, network state relations, kinetic parameters, computation. These would utilize high-content data from genome-based studies, high-throughput in vitro screens, understand many genes, signaling pathways, biochemical reactions that orchestrate morphogenetic series events embryo. Dynamic “virtual tissue models” (VTMs) cross-scale about processes quantitative on prenatal toxicities could someday used simulate embryos might react chemical exposure better characterize mode action complex scenarios in silico. This article reviews field VTMs computational toxicology with emphasis