Release of Pharmaceuticals under Reducing Conditions in a Wastewater‐Irrigated Mexican Soil

摘要: Wastewater irrigation is often performed by flood irrigation, leading to changes in redox potential (Eh) of irrigated soils. In addition soil organic matter, Fe-(hydr)oxides are important sorbents for pollutants, and biotransformation pollutants can be accelerated under reducing conditions. Here, the influence conditions on release sorbed pharmaceuticals from their dissipation was investigated a microcosm study. Samples Mezquital Valley (Mexico) 85 yr with untreated wastewater were incubated oxidizing (Eh 500 ± 20 mV), weakly 100 moderately −100 mV) 30 31 d. The concentrations nine (bezafibrate, carbamazepine, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, enrofloxacin, clarithromycin, diclofenac, naproxen) extracted via solid-phase extraction slurries analyzed liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Low Eh did not lead formerly soil. High pH values (>8) examined resulting denitrification prevented dissolution Fe-(hydr) oxides and, hence, pharmaceuticals. A trend decreasing sulfamethoxazole bezafibrate time supports previous findings transformation these compounds anaerobic