作者: Debra K. Moser , Kyoung Suk Lee , Jia-Rong Wu , Gia Mudd-Martin , Tiny Jaarsma
DOI: 10.1016/J.IJNURSTU.2014.02.004
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摘要: Background Virtually all patients with heart failure experience multiple symptoms simultaneously, yet clinicians and researchers usually consider in isolation. Recognizing responding early to escalating is essential preventing hospitalizations failure, have considerable difficulty recognizing symptoms. Identification of symptom clusters could improve recognition, but cultural differences may be present that must considered.