Networks and Hierarchies: Approaching Complexity in Evolutionary Theory

摘要: This expansion of the hierarchy theory evolution provides a new perspective in which biological phenomena are conceptualized. In this work, we (1) attempt to revise ontology levels organization and clarify relationship between economic genealogical hierarchies; (2) explore implications network for evolutionary dynamics hierarchical context; (3) elucidate causality by disentangling abiotic drivers from proximal processes (the origin sorting variation) their integration across hierarchies. We suggest that pervasive pattern stability living systems scale results architecture nature’s economy itself—biological consisting hierarchically nested, complex networks extremely robust extrinsic perturbations. further argue instances episodic rapid; they transient equilibrial states ensue when is compromised sufficiently strong disturbances affecting entities at multiple organization. also claim environmental factors ultimately responsible these perturbations that, filtered through hierarchy, shape patterns diversity disparity life as know it.