作者: Vincenzo De Florio , R MacDougall
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摘要: Human and artificial organizations may be described as networks of interacting parts. Those parts exchange data control information and, a result these interactions, produce emergent behaviors purposes -- traits the characterize "the whole" "greater than sum its parts". In this chapter it is argued that, rather static immutable property, emergence should interpreted dynamic interactions between forces opposite sign: centripetal (positive) strengthening by consolidating whole centrifugal (negative) that weaken social persona such are detrimental to emergence. The interaction called in "quality emergence". This problem discussed context particular class organizations: conventional hierarchies. We highlight how traditional designs severely impact quality Finally we discuss do not suffer from limitations typical strict hierarchies greater some case, however, enhancements counterweighted reduced degree controllability verifiability.