An Overview of African American College Presidents: A Game of Two Steps Forward, One Step Backward, and Standing Still.

摘要: This study combined the narratives of six African American presidents with descriptive statistics from national level data in an effort to provide a snapshot current status public and private institutions. Of particular interest was how experienced their administrative roles within context race, since issues related race are often influential prescribing types experiences Americans report higher education. The findings narrative suggest that for this study, were secondary they managed overall roles, but may have been primary considerations being selected positions by institutional hiring officials. Over past three decades considerable body literature has amassed regarding Americans' people color2 Scholars researchers alike investigated faculty, administrators, students two- fouryear traditionally White historically Black colleges universities using both qualitative quantitative research methodologies (Davis, 1994; Fleming, 1984; Flowers & Pascarella, 1999; Gregory, 1995; Harvey, Holmes, 2003; Jackson, 2001; Sedlacek, 1989; Turner Meyers, 2000; Watson, Williams, Wolfman, 1997; Yoder, 1994). vast majority on directed toward improving retention little emphasis given professionals senior (Jackson, 2002). Research administrators investigates various practitioners student affairs (Holmes, Jackson Flowers, press; 2001), or it focuses directly diversity mission institution (Rolle, Davies, Banning, 2000). With exception reports U.S. Department Education, Council Education (ACE), Issues Higher indicators germane college university even fewer number. Generally, what is provided information "minority presidents," "administrators color" academic administration (Smith, 1980; Wilson, 1989). While there small, growing explores aspects four-year institutions Miller, Creswell, 1998; Opp, Gosetti, 2002; Vaughan, 1989), not many studies disaggregate minority color groups determine specifically individual ethnic progressing education, especially chief executive levels, such as president. Yet, presidency viewed pinnacle can serve benchmark other academy (Wilson, Overall, access educational employment opportunities general increased steadily turbulent 1960s; however, indicates disparity still exists at levels ladder when compared counterparts (Corrigan, Fields, 1991, Lindsay, Opp Thomas Hirsch, Some also provides evidence vestiges linger gender-related make equity, mutual respect, full participation all areas difficult achieve 1999, Myers, too surprising considering long history "-isms" pervaded most social United States including education (Esty, Griffin 1995). …