The European Regulatory Framework and its Implementation in Influencing Organic Inspection and Certification Systems in The EU

摘要: The report presents a review of the most important European and international legislation that set framework for organic certification, reports prepared by agencies working with standard setting relevant scientific literature. It discusses problems, future challenges control systems in Europe leading to suggestions improvement. Food quality assurance is key importance development Common Agricultural Policy EU. A large number mandatory voluntary certification schemes exist agriculture food industry risk increased costs producers confusion consumers. Such include requirements bodies undertake provide certificates. Requirements can be divided into statutory regulations regarding safety good agricultural practice standards attributes. Basic safety, animal health welfare are controlled Official Food Feed Control (OFFC) systems, governed Council Regulation (EC) 882/2004. Third party provides credibility claims related communicated consumers through use marks. EU has developed legislative basis relation geographical indications, traditional specialities farming considers introducing labelling rules welfare, environmental impact origin raw materials. Organic one overlapping competing schemes. The started private national rules, (EEC) 2092/1991. competent authorities, operators this regulation reviewed. discussion highlights low level knowledge among weak emphasis system on operator responsibility integrity, issues competition surveillance bodies, lack consideration factors designing inspection transparency. A total revision Regulations production began 2005. One change introduced new 834/2007 for Organic Farming placed under umbrella 882/2004 Controls. also requires have accredited according general operating product (ISO Guide 65/EN 45011). From July 2010 packaged products will carry logo as well compulsory indication body. reviews from various legal sources. clarity OFFC including how based inspections implemented potential in-consistencies enforcement regulation. A initiatives concerned harmonisation lesser extent reviewed, such International Task Force Harmonisation Equivalence (ITF)1 Two main alternative guarantee been researched organisations IFOAM, ISEAL, FAO Commission. Smallholder Group Certification an Internal System (ICS) Participatory Guarantee Systems (PGS) could represent ways minimize farmers, particular market directly or very short supply chains. Both illustrate examples focus improvement. , Certifiers (EOOC), Social Environmental Accreditation Labelling Alliance (ISEAL) Anti-Fraud Initiative (AFI). multilateral led better understanding current problems scope limitations harmonisation. They contributed sharing tools methods identification best practice. Apart Union two other schemes: 510/2006 indications 509/2006 specialities. explores combining these draws lessons Italian experience. The final chapter summarises previous chapters. Suggestions improvements issues: need further operators’ supported system.