Non-compliance in organic farming: A cross-country comparison of Italy and Germany

摘要: This paper describes the Italian and German organic certification systems, including institutions involved definitions of non-compliance sanctions. Although they are both implementations same EU regulatory framework, these systems differ in many respects. Case study data from control bodies on sanctions presented analysed using binary choice models. analysis shows that occurrence slight greater farm acreage significant risk factors explain severe countries. However, to implement an efficient risk-based inspection system future, collection process must be improved extended examine personal attributes farmers operators.