Generalized gravitomagnetic clock effect

摘要: In General Relativity, the rotation of a gravitating body like Earth influences motion orbiting test particles or satellites in non-Newtonian way. This causes, e.g., precession orbital plane known as Lense-Thirring effect and spin gyroscope Schiff effect. Here, we discuss third first introduced by Cohen Mashhoon called gravitomagnetic clock It describes difference proper time counterrevolving clocks after revolution $2\pi$. For two on counterrotating equatorial circular orbits around Earth, is about $10^{-7}$ seconds per revolution, which quite large. We introduce general relativistic definition valid for arbitrary pairs orbits. includes rotations same direction different initial conditions, are crucial if can be detected with existing payloads nondedicated missions. also derive post-Newtonian expansion expression calculate example satellite Global Navigation Satellite System compared to geostationary satellite.