Peroxisomes in parasitic protists.

摘要: Representatives of all major lineages eukaryotes contain peroxisomes with similar morphology and mode biogenesis, indicating a monophyletic origin the organelles within common ancestor eukaryotes. Peroxisomes originated from endoplasmic reticulum, but despite shared morphological features, different organisms show remarkable diversity enzyme content metabolic processes present can vary dependent on nutritional or developmental conditions. A characteristic probable evolutionary driver for organelle is an involvement in lipid metabolism, notably H2O2-dependent fatty-acid oxidation. Subsequent evolution involved multiple acquisitions processes—often involving retargeting enzymes other cell compartments—and losses. Information about protists still scarce, available evidence, including new bioinformatics data reported here, indicate striking amongst free-living parasitic phylogenetic supergroups. only some as mammalian, plant fungal cells. Compartmentalization glycolytic gluconeogenic inside kinetoplastids diplonemids, where are hence called glycosomes, whereas several excavate parasites (Giardia, Trichomonas) have lost peroxisomes. Amongst alveolates amoebozoans patterns peroxisome loss more complicated. Often, link apparent between niches occupied by protists, nutrient availability, absence their presence specific enzymatic content. In trypanosomatids, essentiality may be considered use anti-parasite drug discovery.