Immunosuppressive therapy for eye diseases: Effectiveness, safety, side effects and their prevention

摘要: Ocular inflammation is a significant cause of ocular morbidity and visual impairment. Topical, periocular, intraocular, systemic corticosteroids are highly effective for treating appropriate forms inflammation. However, their use may be constrained by local and/or side effects, especially if long-term therapy required. As result, immunosuppressive agents increasingly have been used to manage alongside or in place corticosteroids. The four categories today antimetabolites [primarily methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), azathioprine]; T-cell inhibitors (usually cyclosporine, less often tacrolimus sirolimus); alkylating (cyclophos-phamide chlorambucil); biologic [tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, lymphocyte interleukin inhibitors]. primary goals (1) control when fail do so; (2) prevent corticosteroid-induced toxicity the necessary corticosteroid dosage exceeds desired safe level (corticosteroid sparing); (3) treat specific high-risk uveitis syndromes known respond poorly alone. Growing evidence shows effectiveness drugs achieving these goals, as well improved function, prevention complications, some cases even disease remission. also which must considered each patient's management. In this report, we summarize safety drug utilized treatment inflammatory diseases.