Health comorbidities and cognitive abilities across the lifespan in Down syndrome.

摘要: Down syndrome (DS) is associated with variable intellectual disability and multiple health psychiatric comorbidities. The impact of such comorbidities on cognitive outcomes unknown. We aimed to describe patterns physical comorbidity prevalence, receptive language ability, in DS across the lifespan, determine relationships outcomes. Detailed medical histories were collected abilities measured using standardised tests for 602 individuals from England Wales (age range 3 months 73 years). Differences prevalence rates between age groups males females determined chi-squared or Fisher’s exact tests. In adults, compared expected population morbidity ratios (SMRs). Adapted ANCOVA functions constructed explore sex associations ability regression analyses performed whether presence phenotypes predicted abilities. Multiple showed differences though there few differences. SMRs increased decreased schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anxiety. Further, both dementia, autism, ADHD, depression, more pronounced dementia depression. Across increasingly deviated age-typical levels, scored poorer than females. Only autism epilepsy those aged 16–35 years, no comorbidities, including congenital heart defects. Our results indicate varies lifespan DS, show different relative rates. most are not apart epilepsy. It essential clinicians consider provide appropriate care treatment prognostic information relating