Surveillance of resistance among major pathogens causing respiratory tract infections in the United States

摘要: Several major North American monitoring programs have revealed disturbing patterns of antimicrobial resistance among respiratory tract pathogens. There is a widespread variability in the trends identified, depending on geographic region where specimen was collected and various patient characteristics, such as age site infection. The latest results from surveillance demonstrate that prevalence pneumococcal penicillin nonsusceptibility United States whole either static (macrolides) or decreasing (penicillins). However, mechanisms macrolide are changing States, with strains expressing lower-level (minimal inhibitory concentrations, 1-16 μg/mL), whereas high-level combined erm(B)- mef(A)-encoded becoming more common. Resistance levels Streptococcus pyogenes to macrolides remain generally low, however, wide geographical variations considerable variation proportions isolates containing mef(A) erm(A), which suggests genetic clones spreading certain regions. Finally, amoxicillin Haemophilus iqfluenzae declining.