Ancient biomolecules in Quaternary palaeoecology

摘要: Abstract The last few years have seen an enormous proliferation of ancient biomolecules research, especially in the field DNA. Ancient DNA studies been transformed by advent next generation sequencing, with first Pleistocene sample being analysed 2005, and several complete draft genomes that compiled from to date. At same time, although less conspicuous, research on proteins has also advances, time limit for now extending over 1 million years. Here we review which effects these developments Quaternary science. We identify lines potential profit substantially recent research. First, identification taxa can be made using biomolecules, case DNA, specimens even assigned specific populations within a species. Second, increasingly large data sets animals allow elucidation ever more precise pictures population dynamic processes whereby organisms respond climate environmental change. With accompanying better understanding process Quaternary, past ecologies realistically interpreted proxy sets. dominant message this so far is saw great deal dynamism than had forecast conventional palaeoecology. This suggests reconstructions conditions need done caution. Third, obtained directly sediments elucidate presence both plant animal species area absence identifiable fossils, it macro- or micro-fossils. Finally, analysis enables bone remains genus sometimes level beyond survival at least temperate regions, illustrating forthcoming seemingly unlikely sources. Together, approaches study dynamics throughout substantial part, perhaps entire (the 2.6 years).