作者: Chantal Castagnone , Margarida Espada , Paulo Vieira , Jonathan D. Eisenback , Mark Harrell
DOI: 10.1007/S10530-014-0788-9
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摘要: Identifying the invasion routes and determining origin of new outbreaks invasive species are crucial importance if we to understand process, improve or establish regulatory measures and, potentially, limit damage. We focused here on Europe by pinewood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer, 1934; Nickle 1970; Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae), a major pest forest ecosystems, native North America already in Asia since beginning twentieth century. evaluated genetic diversity structure worldwide field PWN samples classical Bayesian population genetics methods determine source European populations number introduction events Europe. found (1) very strong spatial populations, (2) low level polymorphism each invaded areas (3) contrasted results concerning populations. Our findings provide evidence for: large effect drift biological cycle PWN, due intense demographic bottlenecks during tree infections, not compensated for effective dispersal its vector; single event Japan small size introduced mainland Portuguese from Madeira. However, more sophisticated route inference broader sampling required conclusively outbreak.