Trade, Ecologically Unequal Exchange and Colonial Legacy: The Case of France and its Former Colonies (1962–2015)

摘要: Abstract The role of trade in global environmental change is receiving increasing attention and there a lively debate about Ecologically Unequal Exchange (EUE). Little known, however, the colonial legacy for evolution physical patterns. This study provides empirical evidence on basis systematic evaluation data. We quantify, monetary terms, development relations between France, its former colonies rest world from immediate post-colonial period until 2015. use set indicators including balance terms to analyse differences patterns EUE. results indicate that ties were very strong 1960s, but thereafter quickly diminished. find EUE France factor explains centre peripheries better than income 1970s. In recent decades increasingly vanished. Our findings corroborate socio-political factors, particular legacy, play an important they deserve more quantitative research trade.