Inhibitors of Aromatic Amino Acid Biosynthesis (Glyphosate)

摘要: Glyphosate (Glp), (N-phosphonomethyl)glycine, is a nonselective, broad spectrum herbicide discovered in 1971 (Baird et al. 1971) and introduced 1974 (Franz 1997). Effectiveness, along with outstanding environmental safety qualities, has made Glp one of the most successful commercial herbiides. Essentially nontoxic to mammals, birds, fish, insects, bacteria, readily broken down soil ammonia, carbon dioxide inorganic phosphate 1997; Giesy 2000; Williams 2000). was first commercially important herbicides whose site action characterized as single, defined target enzyme plants, only known inhibit 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) (phosphoenolpyruvate: 3 phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyl transferase; E.C. 2.5.1.19) which catalyzes penultimate reaction shikimate (Shk) pathway (Amrhein 1980, 1982; Steinrucken Amrhein 1980; Gruys Sikorski 1999) certain bacteria plants. Because these unique favorable characteristics, become likely continue be widely used studied world (Woodburn