Farm-Level Risk Factors for Fish-Borne Zoonotic Trematode Infection in Integrated Small-Scale Fish Farms in Northern Vietnam

摘要: Background Northern Vietnam is an endemic region for fish-borne zoonotic trematodes (FZT), including liver and intestinal flukes. Humans acquire the FZT infection by eating raw or inadequately cooked fish. The production of FZT-free fish in aquaculture a key component establishing sustainable program to prevent control transmission humans. Interventions should be based on knowledge main risk factors associated with transmission. Methodology/Principal Findings A longitudinal study was carried out from June 2006 May 2007 Nam Dinh province, Red River Delta investigate development infections freshwater cultured A total 3820 were sampled six times at two-month intervals 96 farms. Logistic analysis repeated measurements used evaluate potential information collected through questionnaire interviews 61 farm owners. results showed that significantly increased first sampling July (65%) sixth April May, (76%). fluke, Clonorchis sinensis different flukes Haplochis pumilio, H. taichui, yokogawai, Centrocestus formosanus Procerovum varium found Duration (sampling times), mebendazole drug self-medication household members, presence snails pond, feeding green vegetation outside farms all had significant effect prevalence fish. Conclusions/Significance The 11 percentage points during one-year culture period identified. Results also highlight young are already highly infected when stocked into grow-out systems. This incorporated programs integrated small-scale nursery systems Vietnam.