Identification of risk factors associated with onset and progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using systematic review and meta-analysis.

摘要: Although amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) was identified as a neurological condition 150 years ago, risk factors related to the onset and progression of ALS remain largely unknown. Monogenic mutations in over 30 genes are associated with about 10% cases. The age at disease types has been found influence progression. present study designed identify additional putative using systematic review meta-analysis observational studies. Risk that may be include: 1) genetic mutations, including intermediate CAG repeat expansion ATXN2; 2) previous exposure heavy metals such lead mercury; 3) organic chemicals, pesticides solvents; 4) history electric shock; 5) physical trauma/injury (including head trauma/injury); 6) smoking (a weak factor for women); other factors, participating professional sports, lower body mass index, educational attainment, or occupations requiring repetitive/strenuous work, military service, Beta-N-methylamino-l-alanin viral infections. rate nutritional status, vitamin D deficiency; comorbidities; ethnicity factors; lack supportive care; smoking. extent which these associations causal is discussed, further research recommended strengthen evidence on determinations causality based.