Mobilization of Intracellular Copper Stores by the Ctr2 Vacuolar Copper Transporter

摘要: Copper plays an essential role in processes including signaling to the transcription and protein trafficking machinery, oxidative phosphorylation, iron mobilization, neuropeptide maturation, normal development. Whereas much is known about intracellular mobilization of ions such as calcium, little information available on how eukaryotic cells mobilize copper stores. We describe a mechanism by which Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ctr2 provides bioavailable via exhibits structural similarity Ctr1 plasma membrane importer, microscopic biochemical fractionation studies localize vacuole membrane. demonstrate that mobilizes vacuolar stores manner dependent amino acid residues conserved between transport family ctr2Δ mutants hyper-accumulate copper. Furthermore, mutant mislocalized stimulates extracellular uptake, supporting direct for across membranes. These identify novel suggest organisms cope with deprivation use vesicular