Genomic organization and proteins of human papillomavirus

摘要: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are one of the most common sexually-transmitted diseases worldwide. Nowadays, more than 200 HPV types have been identified by DNA sequencing. also grouped into three, such as high-risk (types 6, 11, 40, 42, 43, 44, 54, etc), probable 26, 53, 66) and low-risk etc) according to their oncogenic potential. is currently considered main aetiological factor cervical intraepithelial neoplasia cancer. classified in Papillomaviridae family, non-enveloped, icosahedral symmetric viruses about 55 nm size. Viral genome consists circular double-stranded DNA, 8 kb size, encodes for early proteins (E1, E2, E4, E5, E6, E7) which play role virus replication cell transformation, late (L1, L2) structural units viral capsid. Integration host chromosome crucial persistence carcinogenic effects. may integrate randomly integration can lead deregulation increase E6/E7 expression leading oncogenesis. However, increased gene products occur without integration. E6 E7 especially highrisk (e.g. 16 18) interact with tumor supressor p53 retinoblastoma (pRb) proteins, respectively; inhibit functions cause uncontrolled proliferation immortalization cells. The binding protein leads its rapid degradation, eclipse G1 phase, repair mechanisms apoptosis terminated. In other way, interacts pRb mitotically interactive cellular cyclin-E, causing stimulation synthesis proliferation. Recently genes E3 E8 located region found only a few (HPV 1, 16, 31, 33). A fusion protein, E8^E2C, negative regulator it thought that this control copy number well stable maintenance episomes. review article, genomic structure summarized.