The prevalence of nosocomial infection in intensive care units in Europe. Results of the European Prevalence of Infection in Intensive Care (EPIC) Study. EPIC International Advisory Committee

摘要: Objective To determine the prevalence of intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired infections and risk factors for these infections, identify predominant infecting organisms, evaluate relationship between ICU-acquired infection mortality. Design A 1-day point-prevalence study. Setting Intensive units in 17 countries Western Europe, excluding coronary pediatric special infant units. Patients All patients (> 10 years age) occupying an ICU bed over a 24-hour period. total 1417 ICUs provided 038 patient case reports. Main outcome measures Rates infection, prescription antimicrobials, resistance patterns microbiological isolates, potential death. Results 4501 (44.8%) were infected, 2064 (20.6%) had infection. Pneumonia (46.9%), lower respiratory tract (17.8%), urinary (17.6%), bloodstream (12%) most frequent types reported. Most frequently reported micro-organisms Enterobacteriaceae (34.4%), Staphylococcus aureus (30.1%;[60% resistant to methicillin], Pseudomonas aeruginosa (28.7%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (19.1%), fungi (17.1%). Seven identified: increasing length stay 48 hours), mechanical ventilation, diagnosis trauma, central venous, pulmonary artery, catheterization, stress ulcer prophylaxis. pneumonia (odds ratio [OR], 1.91; 95% confidence interval[Cl], 1.6 2.29), clinical sepsis (OR, 3.50; Cl, 1.71 7.18), 1.73; 1.25 2.41) increased Conclusions is common often associated with isolates organisms. The effects on emphasize importance specific control critically ill patients.