The Middle School Counselor and Teacher-Advisor Programs

摘要: In the middle grades and educational leadership literature, "The most significant development in school guidance over past decade has been rapid emergence of teacher-based programs, usually referred to as advisor/advisee (A/A), home base, or advisory programs" (Mauk & Taylor, 1993, p. 6), but these are teacher-advisor programs counseling literature. Teacher-advisor (TAP) based on premises that is everybody's responsibility, there not enough trained counselors handle all a school's needs, an important supplement counseling. These have received strong endorsements from both National Middle School Association (NMSA, 1982/1992) Secondary Principals (NASSP, 1985) frequent topics Journal NASSP Bulletin. contrast, counselor educators almost mute topic.We found only four articles about TAP major national journals approximately last 20 years (George,1986; Henderson La Forge, 1989; Johnson Salmon, 1979; Tamminen, Gum, Smaby, Peterson,1976). Of these, two focused specifically level 1989), one was by teacher educator (George,1986). Curiously, administrators seem be more interested issue than educators. this review, we discuss what is, its role education, rationale for involvement TAP, potential roles some unanswered questions. WHAT ARE TEACHER-ADVISOR PROGRAMS? part foundation movement features distinguishes schools high elementary (McEwin, Dickinson, Erb, Scales.1995). They reflect initiatives student-centered, affective education. As bridge between school, designed carry students their childhood teenage years. close relationship with teacher, who them day. expected function independently exercise self-control. schools, aware place transition, assumed developmental under rubric advisories, helping prepare make good decisions self-managers opportunities independence increase. Fundamental acknowledgment unique mission service " 'transesence,' stage which begins before onset puberty extends through early stages adolescence" (Eichorn, 1966, p.3). "Transescents" particular need supportive adult attention. A caring at may provide emotional nurture ages 10 14 going dramatic physical, emotional, social changes. It would practically impossible every student viable daily even weekly support encouragement. Advisory facilitate building it possible (Carnegie Commission Adolescent Development, 1989). program professional staff member serves goal making responsibility provides regularly consistently. (advisory) groups promote students' educational, personal, development, curriculum often described one, emphasizing issues personal importance students" (Ziegler Mulhall, 1994, …