Measuring social complexity

摘要: In one of the first formulations social complexity hypothesis, Humphrey (1976, page 316, Growing Points in Ethology, Cambridge University Press) predicts ‘that there should be a positive correlation across species between and individual intelligence’. However, many ensuing tests surprisingly little consideration has been given to measures independent variable this evolutionary relationship, that is, complexity. Here, we seek encourage more rigorous We review previous definitions point two common flaws; lack objectivity failure directly connect sociality use cognition. argue that, rather than creating circularity, including cognition definition is necessary for accurately testing hypothesis. propose new based on number differentiated relationships individuals have. then demonstrate both broadly applicable flexible, allowing researchers include detailed information about degree differentiation among when data are available. While see as possible way forward, our larger goal examining hypothesis carefully consider their measurement