摘要: Summary The 20th century was a time of rapidly escalating use lead (Pb). As consequence, the standing stock is now substantial. By linking extraction and to estimates product lifetimes recycling, we have derived an estimate throughout by top-down techniques. We find that in-use almost entirely made up batteries (68%), sheet (10%), pipe (10%). Globally, about 200 teragrams (Tg) Pb mined in century, 25 Tg makes stock, so some 87% has been lost over time. Nonetheless, 11% all entering added 2000, continues increase each year. Currently, most Europe (32%), North America Asia (24%). On per capita basis, global 5.6 kilograms (kg) Pb, regional ranges from 2.0 kg (Africa) 19.7 (Europe). From sustainability perspective, resource around 415 Pb. Were entire world receive services at level developed countries, 130 would be needed, there do not appear significant long-term limitations supply.
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