Some Aspects of the Physiology of the Placenta

摘要: One cannot properly consider the physiology of fetus without that placenta, a fetomaternal organ characteristic mammalian pregnancy, upon which is dependent not only for transfer oxygen and variety nutrients but elaboration number hormones growth factors in “maternal-placental-fetal” complex. Thus, it perhaps appropriate to review some concepts regarding development its function, intervillous space, villous structure, placental classification. The placenta differs from other organs being formed by interaction both fetal maternal tissues, shows extreme diversity structure among species, limited lifespan – dare say, disposable organ. placenta’s unique specific service as an interface between mother fetus, convey all necessary support progeny while protecting allograft leads recognition this may well be last differentiate female mammals. Development must correlated closely with fetus. Near or at term humans, weights ~0.5 kg, throughout mechanisms poorly understood mass, blood flows, surface area nutrient exchange, matched development. A history biology might considered perspectives. These include embryology; variation species; morphologic form; microscopic cellular organization; circulations; exchange surfaces; respiratory gas exchange; metabolic, endocrine, immunologic functions; others. Quite obviously, considerations these subjects detail would require multivolume treatise far beyond simple historical discussion. Different aspects have been recorded several authors (Corner 1963; De Witt 1959; Longo Reynolds 2010; Neale 1970; Ramsey 1977).