How Much Agroforestry is Needed to Achieve Multifunctional Landscapes at the Forest Frontier? —Coupling Expert Opinion with Robust Goal Programming

摘要: Agroforestry has been promoted as a key forest landscape restoration (FLR) option to restore ecosystem services in degraded tropical landscapes. We investigated the share and type of agroforestry selected an optimized landscape, accounting for mosaic alternative options (reforestation natural succession) common agricultural land-uses. extend previous studies on multi-objective robust optimization analytic hierarchy process by systematic sensitivity analysis assess influence incorporating into landscape. This approach accounts multiple objectives concurrently, yet data computational requirements are relatively low. Our results show that experts from different backgrounds perceive (i.e., alley cropping silvopasture) very positively. Inclusion large shares (41% landscape) FLR mix enhanced simulated service provision. demonstrate landscapes with high may also comprise forest. However, dominated single systems showed lower multifunctionality than heterogeneous In ongoing effort create sustainable landscapes, our contributes understanding interrelations between land-covers uncertain provisions circumstances scarce data.