Red Seaweeds Sarcodiotheca gaudichaudii and Chondrus crispus down Regulate Virulence Factors of Salmonella Enteritidis and Induce Immune Responses in Caenorhabditis elegans.

摘要: Red seaweeds are a rich source of unique bioactive compounds and secondary metabolites that known to improve human animal health. S. Enteritidis is broad range host pathogen, which contaminates chicken poultry products end into the food chain. Worldwide, Salmonella outbreaks have become an important economic public health concern. Moreover, development resistance in serovars towards multiple drugs highlights need for alternative control strategies. This study evaluated antimicrobial property red extracts against using Caenorhabditis elegans infection model. Six seaweed species were tested their activity Enteritidis. Spread plate assay revealed Sarcodiotheca gaudichaudii (SG) Chondrus crispus (CC) (1%, w/v) significantly reduced growth Seaweed water (SWE) SG CC, at concentrations from 0.4 mg/ml 2 mg/ml, (log CFU 4.5-5.3 log 5.7-6.0, respectively). However, methanolic CC did not affect Addition SWE (0.2 SG) decreased biofilm formation motility Quantitative real-time PCR analyses showed (CC suppressed expression quorum sensing gene sdiA Pathogenesis Island-1 (SPI-1) associated genes sipA invF, indicating might reduce invasion by attenuating virulence factors. Furthermore, improved survival infected C. impairing ability colonize digestive tract nematode enhancing immune responsive genes. As innate response pathways mammals show high degree conservation, these results suggest may also impart beneficial effects on