Phylogeny of the leafy liverwort Ptilidium: Cryptic speciation and shared haplotypes between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres

摘要: The small, phylogenetically isolated liverwort genus Ptilidium has been regarded as of cool-Gondwanic origin with the bipolar, terrestrial ciliare giving rise to Northern Hemisphere epiphytes pulcherrimum and californicum. This hypothesis is examined using a dataset including three chloroplast DNA regions from 134 accessions one accession each its closest relatives Trichocoleopsis Neotrichocolea. Maximum likelihood parsimony analyses point close relationship between P. pulcherrimum, whereas californicum placed sister remainder genus, separated by long branch. Haplotype analysis our phylogeny indicate presence Southern haplotypes in Hemisphere, shared Europe North America. Based on findings, we reject Gondwana-scenario propose recent distance dispersal an explanation for bipolar disjunct range. resolved paraphyletic nested within it. An lineage morphology Himalaya region likely represents hitherto unrecognized cryptic species. splits into Japanese clade