MOOSE CALVING STRATEGIES IN INTERIOR

作者: Robert Serrouya , Kim G. Poole , Kari Stuart-Smith

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摘要: Parturient ungulates are relatively more sensitive to predation risk than other individuals and during times of the year. Selection calving areas by may be ultimately related trade-offs between minimizing meeting nutritional needs for lactation. We used digital field data examine selection 31 global positioning system‐collared moose (Alces alces) in southeastern British Columbia. examined movements 12 days before after calving, analyzed habitat at 2 scales comparison: immediate area extended (100 ha), surrounding home range. Maternal exhibited 1 distinct elevational strategies leading up calving: 16 were climbers 15 nonclimbers. Climbers moved a mean 310 m higher elevation calve, whereas nonclimbers showed little change elevation. Hourly all maternal females increased 2- 3-fold 1‐4 generally directional, such that outside calving. At broad scale, was strongest predictor within fine selected with reduced tree density, forage, distance from water, decreased slope. Beyond obvious difference nonclimbers, appeared exhibit mountainous ecosystems. A functional explanation into where forage quantity quality low, but (mainly grizzly bears [Ursus arctos]) also reduced. Nonclimber calved values, select finer scale reduce (e.g., association water density visibility).

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