Genetic and epigenetic control of skeletal muscle development.

摘要: In recent years our understanding of the molecular processes underlying skeletal myogenesis has improved considerably. Overt is preceded by a number steps leading to specification muscle precursor cells. During this period, myogenic precursors express mRNAs for Muscle Regulatory Factors (MRFs) bHLH-family transcription factors: MyoD, Myf5, Myogenin and MRF4. These factors are specific developing their identification belongs great achievements in research. Other transcriptional regulators involved Pax3 Pax7, as well myocyte enhancer (MEFs), especially MEF2. inhibitory may interact with histones render muscle-specific genes inacessible. More recently, signaling events involving Wnt-glycoproteins Sonic Hedgehog have been identified that lead induction or expansion during embryogenesis. Sources these signals were be neural tube, ectoderm notochord. Interestingly, bias towards differentiation already resides cells epiblast. Thus, it can reasoned does not induced, but maybe just derepressed. Apart from inductive permissive control, other signalling described definite arrangement groups body. involve changes cytoskeleton, delay differentiation, cell migration target recognition.