Animal models of cholangiocarcinoma.

摘要: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive biliary tract malignancy with a poor overall prognosis. There critical need to develop effective targeted therapies for the treatment of this lethal disease. In effort address challenge, preclinical in vivo studies have become paramount understanding CCA carcinogenesis, progression, and therapy. Various animal models exist including carcinogen-based which animals after exposure carcinogen, genetically engineered mouse genetic changes are induced mice leading CCA, murine syngeneic orthotopic models, as well xenograft tumors derived from xenotransplantation cells, organoids, patient-derived tissue. Each type has distinct advantages shortcomings. ideal model tumor arises immunocompetent host species-matched microenvironment. Such would also be time-efficient, recapitulate histopathological features human predict therapeutic response humans. Recently developed transduction transplant encompass several these elements. Herein, we review different their deficiencies, mimic CCA.