Wolves of the Sea: Managing human-wildlife conflict in an increasingly tense ocean

摘要: Abstract Human-wildlife conflict has been receiving increased scientific and management attention, predominantly in terrestrial systems, as a side effect of successful predator conservation recovery. These same conflicts exist the ocean; however, they are mostly regarded region- or taxa-specific context despite evidence that human-wildlife is prevalent across global oceans likely to increase result measures. Can lessons learned from on land promote more sustainable success sea? Or, do ocean create unique challenges require new solutions? This paper synthesizes provides initial suggestions for progressing with effective ocean. Humans have extensive experience managing predators several strategies transferable marine predators, but important differences between systems necessitate marine-specific focus evaluation existing mitigation strategies. Further, wildlife conflict, it crucial recognize perceived can be just actual that, many cases, human-human at root conflict. As efforts recover populations continue, humans faced exciting opportunity necessity constructively manage these recoveries continue meet goals while simultaneously promoting human safety industry seas.